Computers and Biology Essay Example For Students

Computers and Biology Essay Computers have enhance the study of Biology tremendously, as welldiscoveries have enhance the progression of computers. Withoutcomputers, Biology would be no where. We would not have the hightech microscopes. We would not be able to process information atlighting speeds. Finally, we would have no place to store all theinformation that we gathered. Can you imagine all the paper we woulduse to record all the information that we gather? Computers have not only helped us with experimenting; they havehelped us to educate students. There has been tons of softwaredeveloped to educate students about science and in particular Biology. They have allowed students to create experimental 3D models, collectresearch and now students can even use computers to dissect VirtualCreatures Aimed at middle school and high school students, Virtual Creatures is thecreation of a group called SUMMIT (Stanford University Medical Mediaand Information Technologies Group). SUMMIT was founded eightyears ago to crea te computer-based teaching tools for the StanfordUniversity School of Medicine and has expanded to provide educationalmultimedia for medical students and doctors. This program will allow students to dissect frogs without the scalpels,probes or formaldehyde. Without touching the frog, you can rotate it toview it from any angle and study its external anatomy. On command, theskin turns transparent. You can even zoom through it to view the muscles,or peel the muscles back to expose the internal organs and skeleton. The Virtual Creatures team used virtual reality technology to create a richenvironment called Frog Island with many opportunities forinteractive learning. After being greeted by a ranger who explains how toget around the island, students can visit, in any order, a series of huts,each focusing on a different aspect of frog biology: muscles, organsystems, bones, nerves, habitat and so on. With this virtual reality modelstudents dont have to worry about real-life constraints. For instance,you can take a frog apart in any sequence. You could start with thedigestive system and then put it back together. This as you would expect does require a lot of processing power andhigh-end graphics. But the speed of innovation in the computer industryshould soon make the necessary technology affordable for many schools. The SUMMIT team is also looking at ways to transfer most of theprocessing work to a central computer, which students and teacherscould access by logging on from a cheaper computer. This is where biology has actually helped computers develop. Biologyand the study of proteins and molecular biology have helped scientistsdevelop new ways of building computers. They have helped reduce thesize and cost of creating components for a computer system. Imagine if we could create a storage medium the size of a sugar cube thatstores a terabyte of information. Imagine if I said that it would not bebased on silicon transistors, but would be based on protein molecules thatchange their shape when exposed to light. This enables them to store andtransfer massive amounts of data. This technology is called Nanotechnology. It is leading to thedevelopment of electronic components at the molecular and atomiclevels. Single bits are going to be represented by single atoms. Chipsizes have been shrinking at an incredible rate. If they continue at thecurrent pace now, it will so be more expensive to shrink then its worth. This new technology may provide the answer in protein-based computing. Researchers are currently studying several molecules to find a possiblebiology standard for designing computers. The most popular moleculeis a protein called bacteriorhodopsin. Although we are just hearing aboutit now, Soviet scientists have been interested in this protein since the early70s. They recognized the potential of the molecule to act as a switch withon and off positions. This is basically how the silicon transistors worktoday. While silicon transistors alter its state when a current of electricityexcites the electrons in it, a protein changes its shape when it absorbslight. A laser beam is used to control the switching in a matrix of memorycells. Bacteriorhodopsin is a complex protein found in most salt-marshenvironments. It contains a light-absorbing component called achromophore. When this chromosphore is exposed to light, such as alaser beam, it absorbs the rays and causes a series of internal processesto occur with in the bacteriorhodopsin. This changes the electricalc haracter. Scientists can then translate these resulting electrical changesinto the binary language. This is the language that the computer willunderstand. This experiment has better results when scientists add a second laser. This creates something called a sequential one-photon architecture. Forlong-term memory applications many bacteriorhodopsin devices tend tocreate one stable element aside from the natural state, thereby giving youthe requisite 0 and 1. Adding another laser beam also enables engineersto create a special intermediate state that can branch into two other stablestates. This is especially useful for an application becoming popular notonly in biological circles, but in the holographic community as well; 3Dstorage. The whole goal here is to create a tiny cube that can store vast amountsof storage. Holographers have another method to reach this goal. Theyarrange two sets of laser beams at 90-degree angles. They all face abacteriorhodopsin cube. After the first set is f ired, a special intermediatestate, which well call A, is created. When the number of A elementsreaches a near-maximum level, scientists then fire the second set oflasers. This causes the A state to switch to a different short-livedstructure, which well call B. Soon after, structure B changes into a highlystable format, which well call C. Scientists are really excited about thisformat because it can remain stable for years. When they assign the base state to 0 and the B and C to 1, engineershave re-created the binary switching technology. The lasers have theability to read and write to multiple locations within the bacteriorhodopsinsimultaneously; thus this creates faster parallel operations that can beimplemented. The engineers have estimated that they can performoperations at a rate of 10MB per second. There are however some problems with this new technology. Writing isnot a big problem, but reading is. Errors can occur because of noise fromthe laser interfering with the read signa l. Another problem is themolecular structure. In order for this to work as high-speed memorythese bacterorhodopsin cubes must be uniformly the same.Anyvariation in the structure could change or distort the data. Theseproblems are being worked and develop by a man named Dr. RobertBirage of Syracuse University. Biology and computers have always been intertwined with each other. Computers are helping teachers teach the subject, and they are helpingresearchers to research and make more discoveries at lighting speeds. Biology is also advancing computer technology. We can see this with thenew nanotechnology. This kind advancement is not going to slow downanytime soon. Researchers will continue to discover new things inBiology, and will continue to invent faster ways to push the computersystems they use. Computers and Biology Biology 101 10 wk session References: 1. Aubrey, David. Progressive proteins. Computer Shopper, April 1996. .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45 , .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45 .postImageUrl , .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45 , .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45:hover , .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45:visited , .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45:active { border:0!important; } .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45:active , .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45 .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u73d17037910be4c436d7d1a718d8ef45:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Cause And Effect Of Human Error In Air Safety EssayVol 16n4. P563. Online: SearchBank. 2. Levin, Carol. High Protein Computers. PC Magazine. May 30, 1995. Vol 14 n10. P29. Online: SearchBank. 3. Virtual Creatures Teach Biology Without Dissection,http://www.infoseek.com/Content?arn=BW0236- 19980709qt=biologylk=noframescol=NXkt=Aak=news1486.

The Four Marks Of The Church Essay Essay Example

The Four Marks Of The Church Essay Essay One. Holy. Catholic. Apostolic. these four words are the foundation of the Catholic Church. They are what the Church calls the â€Å"Four Marks. † The First Council of Constantinople established them in 381. These words were fist used in the Nicene Creed. and are still used to this twenty-four hours when we say â€Å"I believe in one sanctum. Catholic. apostolic Church. † With the Holy Spirit assisting to steer the Church it can transport out these four Markss. The fist grade of the Church is One describes. and it describes integrity. The Church tells us it is one because of three things. The grounds are that it is a beginning to the Trinity. besides because Jesus is the laminitis of the church. and the last is because the Holy Spirit is its psyche. It chiefly tells us about the integrity of the Body of Christ. This means that our Church is together as one. and non many divided communities. The 2nd grade is Holy. This describes to us that since God created the Church it is genuinely holy. We will write a custom essay sample on The Four Marks Of The Church Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Four Marks Of The Church Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Four Marks Of The Church Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The term means cosmopolitan. and this shows that the Church does non hold to be in a specific topographic point. or except a race or civilization. Jesus is the beginning to holiness. The 3rd grade is Catholic. It is Catholic because Jesus is ever present in the church. The last grade of the church is apostolic. Jesus is the soul laminitis of the church. and he gave all of the power in the church to his apostles to be bishops. and he had Peter be the leader called the Pope when he left. Besides the church has Sacred Tradition and Sacred Scripture. ( 1 ) One. is a grade of the church that can hold a connexion to many events. An event that relates to this grade of is Pentecost. It relates to this grade for assorted grounds. One ground is that since through this grade it says we are all united. and Pentecost shows how the Holy Spirit helped to unite people. Pentecost is like this. because when the Apostles were in the room. they were filled with the Holy Spirit. This allowed them to be able to prophesy in different linguistic communications. They could unify everyone because they can now talk all linguistic communications. and everyone could now hear about the narratives of Jesus. Another ground is that this grade tells us that the Holy Spirit guides us to carry through this grade. merely like at Pentecost where the Holy Spirit guided the Apostles to hold the bravery to travel out and baptise. ( 2 ) The 2nd grade of the Church is holy. and I feel that it has a strong connexion to Peter. I feel this manner. because Peter is the 1 of the holiest work forces to of all time populate. Jesus gave him the key to heaven. and personally appointed him to function as the Catholic Pope. Peter was besides was the lone Apostle who walked on H2O. because he believed in Jesus. but when he stopped he started to drop. This shows that he was one of the holiest work forces because no other adult male has walked on H2O. In my sentiment Peter is the perfect illustration of sanctum. because he is the foundation of our church. and our Church would non be where it is today. if it wasn’t for Peter. ( 3 ) The 3rd grade of the Church is Catholic. I feel that Mary is a good illustration of this grade. Mary is a good illustration because she is the female parent of God and a major image in our Catholic Church today. This grade connects to Mary. because she knew that Jesus was the boy of God. and she would make what of all time God asked of her. She neer sinned and was taken organic structure and psyche into Eden. This shows that she is the function theoretical account of all Catholics. and we need to seek to populate a life like hers. We ever need to retrieve that Jesus is ever with us. and we need to move every bit closely as we can to him. like Mary did. ( 3 ) The 4th and concluding grade of the church is Apostolic. I think that Paul is a good illustration of this. He was a one time a evildoer. because he persecuted Jews. so one twenty-four hours he had a major transition. He went blind. and his sight was subsequently returned. but right after that he began to prophesy the word of God. He is a good illustration of Apostolic. because he had a transition and subsequently became an Apostle. and he besides took missional journeys to prophesy about Jesus. and dispersed Catholicism. Paul besides wrote seven epistles that are in the New Testament. Paul was a great Apostle. and Scripture author. which is why I feel he connects with the Apostolic Mark. ( 3 ) At Providence the grade that I feel largely mundane is one. I feel this because I think that at Providence we are neer separated. there is ever a household atmosphere about the topographic point. Whenever we have all school multitudes. I feel that is when we genuinely have integrity among us. We all do non cognize each other. but it merely feels like were at place. All the people at Providence are so welcoming to one another. There is a particular bond between everyone here that makes you experience as one. like we are all incorporate. Integrity is all around Providence ; it happens mundane. because there is ever person at that place to pick you up no affair what. It is genuinely a 2nd household. because we are all united. The four Markss of the Church are the foundation of our church. We need to seek to populate them out so we can go better people. Many other faiths say these Markss in the Creed. but merely the Catholic Church reflect on what they really mean. The Church is one and all the people in it map as a whole. These four Markss have been passed down since Jesus’ clip and go on to this twenty-four hours.

Merck case report Essay Example

Merck case report Essay Example Merck case report Essay Merck case report Essay Disregarding Mr.. Mercers philosophy, the program suggests to not Invest In drug rights due to an overall loss of $260,000. Phase One: The KILL-798 product has been under testing phases for six months. Based on Kappa Labs project team research there Is a 60% chance of Phase One successful completion. If Merck were to buy the product rights, the cost Incurred to complete this would be $5 million. The software states there Is a chance of Phase One failing resulting in a loss of $35 million. If the first round proves successful then Merck faces the decision of progressing to Phase Two. Phase Two: If Merck decides to advance into Phase Two there presents a multitude of opportunities. The first decision involves treating just obesity at 10% likelihood. A 10% chance also exists of the drug treating only high cholesterol. There also is a possibility of the drug effectively addressing both conditions at 30%. The chance of the drug not treating any of the maladies is 50%. The cost of completing Phase Two is $40 million. For each condition that is addressed, the decision remains whether to seek out FDA approval. The program suggests if Phase Two is successful, the many has two feasible options, to produce a drug for Just obesity or attain a drug that combats both obesity and cholesterol. The more practical decision for the company is to produce a drug that addresses only obesity since there is a higher overall profit as compared to producing a drug that targets both maladies. The drug that targets only obesity has an overall benefit of $197. Million, whereas the drug that targets both has an overall benefit of $160. 5 million. FDA Approval: The decision tree advises Merck to seek out FDA consent. For the product that treats only obesity, there is a 75% chance of receiving FDA acceptance. This would cost Merck $50 million to go through with this process. After seeking approval, the company Is faced with the decision whether or not to market the drug. If the drug Is approved and marketed, a gain of $43 0 million will be attained. The next option Is to decide If we should continue on to FDA approval for the drug that treats only cholesterol. Decision Tree Analysis advises Merck to not continue with this process even though a 75% chance exists of attaining approval. The cost of seeking acceptance Is $50 million. The third option Is to decide on seeking FDA acceptance for a drug that treats tooth maladies. According too detailed analysis, producing this drug Is also a viable option, although the benefit would be less than producing for only obesity. Sensitivity Analysis: The first analysis conducted was on attaining success in Phase I Nils apneas Is extremely sensitive up until purportedly up until tens percentage, the expected value is negative. Any probability greater than 60% results in a positive expected value. If the probability increases by 1%, the program decision will change to suggest the company to move forward (please refer to Decision Tree 2). For the second sensitivity analysis, we set the option with the highest possibility as the constant, which is the decision to produce neither drug. This option also proves to be very sensitive at the 50% probability mark. If the percentage were to be greater than 50%, then it would not be optimal to move forward. The last analysis involved the probability of both drugs receiving FDA approval. Like the previous two analysis, a value higher than 60% will result in an expected value that is positive. This results in the drugs receiving acceptance. Consensus: According to Decision Tree footwear, the optimal recommendation is to not purchase drug rights. This results in neither profits or losses, and the optimal situation for the Merck organization. If the firm were to first hire a consulting firm to research the probability of success in phase one and the consultants prove that success is viable, the value of providing this information results in an overall benefit of $57. 9 million. This provides a $55. 3 million difference from not hiring a consultant of $2. 635. Therefore, Merck could acquire a consultant up until the cost of this difference (please refer to Decision Tree 3).

Filling Vacancies in the US Senate

Filling Vacancies in the US Senate Senate seats become vacant for a variety of reasons the Senator dies in office, resigns in disgrace or resigns to assume another position, usually an elected or appointed government position.What happens when a Senator dies in office or resigns? How is the replacement handled?Procedures for electing Senators are outlined in Article I, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution, as later amended by paragraph 2 of the Seventeenth (17th) Amendment. Ratified in 1913, the 17th Amendment not only changed how Senators are to be elected (direct election by popular vote) but it also outlined how Senate vacancies are to be filled: When vacancies happen in the representation of any State in the Senate, the executive authority of such State shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies: Provided, That the legislature of any State may empower the executive thereof to make temporary appointments until the people fill the vacancies by election as the legislature may direct. What Does This Mean in Practice? The U.S. Constitution grants the state legislatures the power to determine how U.S. Senators are to be replaced, including empowering the chief executive (the governor) to make these appointments.Some states require a special election to fill a vacancy. A few states require the governor to appoint a replacement of the same political party as the previous incumbent. Typically, a replacement holds office until the next scheduled statewide election.From the Congressional Research Service: Prevailing practice is for state governors to fill Senate vacancies by appointment, with the appointee serving until a special election has been held, at which time the appointment expires immediately. In the event a seat becomes vacant between the time of a general election and the expiration of the term, however, the appointee usually serves the balance of the term, until the next regularly scheduled general election. This practice originated with the constitutional provision that applied prior to the popular election of senators, under which governors were directed to make temporary appointments when state legislatures were in recess. It was intended to ensure continuity in a state’s Senate representation during the lengthy intervals between state legislative sessions. Exceptions or Where Governors Do Not Have Unlimited Powers: Alaska, Oregon, and Wisconsin do not allow the governor to make interim appointments; state laws require a special election to fill any Senate vacancy. Oklahoma also requires that Senate vacancies be filled by special elections, with an exception. If the vacancy occurs after March 1 of any even-numbered year and the term expires the following year, no special election is held; rather, the governor is required to appoint the candidate elected in the regular general election to fill the unexpired term. Arizona and Hawaii require the governor to fill Senate vacancies with a person affiliated with the same political party as the previous incumbent. Utah and Wyoming require the governor to select an interim senator from a list of three candidates proposed by the state central committee of the political party with which the previous incumbent was affiliated. In the event of a Senator’s death, his or her staff continue to be compensated for a period not exceeding 60 days (unless the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration determines that more time is needed to complete the closing of the office), performing duties under the direction of the Secretary of the Senate.

New mythologies for Modern Americans through Movie Theaters Term Paper

New mythologies for Modern Americans through Movie Theaters - Term Paper Example It is also not exact by facts that can be a total lie, partial truth or just an image and not true in its form. It drives the power of beliefs of individual and even groups of people. It is believed but not accurate like the history. Words play the part as approximation tool for the truthfulness behind the myth (Dowden, 1992, p. 2). Myth or mythology is the history or legend of certain phenomena that are not explainable by science and is attributed to the divine intervention. It comes from the Greek words mythos, logos and fable which all pertain to discourse or description. Being familiar with Mythology, people in the modern times would have the ability to learn from the lessons of the past and understand the hidden messages within (Irving, 1822, p. 5). Mythology is a traditional way of addressing and explaining occurrences based upon the tales of gods and goddesses and heroic adventures. Mythologem is the Greek term for the unchangeable famous tales. Mythology is different from myt hologem as it is solid but dynamic and continuously changes without losing its identity (Jung and Kerenyi, 1941, p. 3). Mythology has been linked with literature as it was once presented in verse. Prose was later on adapted to suit the oral culture. Logos is a noun that means speak as its counterpart verb is legein (Dowden, 1992, p. 3). Mythology can be linked to idolatry because of images projected as part of worship. Idolatry comes from two Greek words: eidolon and latreia which both pertain to worship of image or beliefs in beings with superior powers (Hort, 1825, p. 1). Movie theater is popular as proven by history but it experienced its glory and downfall. Films being shown must have a certain degree of mystery that can captivate the attention of people and turn them into audience. In making progress in movies, mistakes are inevitable for it will bring brighter future for the movie theater industry. When the movie created is just for earning purpose, it could not captivate the audience well and target audience would not appreciate. While the point of a great film is now one-of-a-kind achievement, the commercial cinema has settled for a policy-filled, derivative film-making, a combination and repetition of past techniques to assume success like in the past. Cinema was once of the great art produced in the 20th century but the cinephilia or the love and attraction being inflicted to the audience diminish at present. Each art gives progress and development to its fanatics, but the love that cinema inspired was special. It started from the premise that cinema was a unique art: modern, accessible, poetic and mysterious and erotic and moral at the same time. Cinema had followers like religion. Cinema can even be compared to a crusade. For cinephiles, the movies are their life. Cinema was considered as both the book of art and the book of life. About the year 1895, two divisions of films were created: cinema as the reflection of real unstaged life and cinema as invention or creation of the human mind. But this is not a true opposition. The whole point is that, for those first audiences, the very transcription of the most banal reality -- the Lumiere brothers filming "The Arrival of a Train at La Ciotat Station" -- was a fantastic experience. Cinema began in wonder, the wonder that reality can be transcribed with such immediacy. All of cinema is an attempt to perpetuate and to reinvent that sense of wonder (Sontag, 1996). Cinema is like a modern church stand and it is

Summary of Thirteen Days by Robert Kennedy Essay

Summary of Thirteen Days by Robert Kennedy - Essay Example The Soviet Union was putting her nuclear missiles on the grounds of Cuba ready to strike the United States. Given the magnitude of the threat, President John F. Kennedy had no choice but to make a decisive decision on the issue to avoid the eminent danger that United States was in. Making a decision on such a grave matter was not easy. The president had to understand the consequences that that awaited any of his actions and the impact they would have not only on the United States, but also on the entire world. He therefore had to rely on the Committee of National Security Council for advice. The members of this committee were to argue, discuss, and even quarrel to eventually advice his on the best course of action to take concerning the crisis. Many a member of the committee rooted for the deployment of military to destroy the Soviet Union missiles in Cuba. Robert Kennedy, then the attorney general, was of the idea that the navy should be deployed around the Cuban island to block any offensive that the Soviet Union might employ against America. ... They perused through past similar crisis and their resolutions and the mistakes committed and how they could avoid repeating such mistakes. They did their best to understand the situation before any decision could be made by President Kennedy. They knew any decision taken would have a huge effect on humanity. Robert Kennedy vividly explains how decisions were arrived at during these momentous times and how those taken by the President himself and his advisors. It gives detailed information on the efforts of both Robert Kennedy and John Kennedy towards ensuring that any decision taken centered on diplomacy and law. This approach was done at the United Nations. ‘13 days’ also highlights how Robert Kennedy was powerful in the John F. Kennedy government and how he used his power to exert influence on other advisers of President Kennedy. In the book, there are correspondences between President Kennedy and the Soviet Union leader Nikita Krushnev and the speeches that President Kennedy gave concerning the Cuba nuclear crisis as well as photos of nuclear weapons that the Soviet Union had already brought to Cuba. The book further reveal that even the Soviet Union wanted a peaceful end to the Cuban crisis since they realized they too had families that would suffer because of employment of nuclear weapons between the two super powers. Any passionate lover of John F. Kennedy’s president would find this book captivating and inspiring to some extend as it gives the reader a rare opportunity to read and understand the mind of President Kennedy. The book outlines the historical lessons learnt from the crisis and how they can be avoided in the future, so as under no circumstances should there be any disregard for

Networking Fundamentals Essay Example for Free

Networking Fundamentals Essay 1. Unit 1 review questions: a. The functions provided by a network are usually referred to as Network Services. b. A(n) Client Server may also be known as simply an access server. c. True or False: A client/server network is the simplest network model. d. True or False: A common way to share resources on a client/server network is by modifying the file-sharing controls via the computer’s operating system. e. True or False: The oldest and still most frequently used network communications services are print services. 3. Still learning about all these technical terms, so I goggled it come up with the similarities and differences between a peer-to-peer network and a client-server network are peer-to-peer network is inexpensive to set up and are installed where the employee most interacts regularly. Client-Server networks are as big or as little as you need, in some cases it has supported millions of users and ultimately can be really expensive to support and install. It says the concept behind the peer-to-peer networking is to be able to share all your files and use the same printers as cheap as possible. Seems though having a Peer-to-peer network you are exposing yourself, it has no central security or any way to change your settings, that it can’t control what is shared on the network. 4. Describe two hypothetical situations, one in which a peer-to-peer network would be most appropriate and one in which a client-server network would be most appropriate, and explain why the particular network type would be most appropriate for that case. In one of my previous jobs I worked for an eye doctor, the best thing for her when setting up her office is to build a peer-to-peer network. We had a total of 5 people that worked in the office, by doing the peer-to-peer network it is inexpensive and it will get the job done. We don’t need a lot being a small company and we shared the network drive for the patient files and printed to the same printer. For the Client-Server Network, it would be for a company that I work for right now and that is Amazon.com, this building has about 3,000 employees that need to log into a computer to either process a customer order, get the order for the shelves or ship it out. So they will most definitely need a larger server to maintain the largely group of people on one network.